1. Why did American plantation owners and U.S. Marines topple Hawaii’s queen in 1893? Why was Hawaii considered to be a valuable prize? What was President Grover Cleveland’s reaction? Do you agree or disagree with his quote on page 1?
In 1893, much of Hawaii's land was dominated by U.S. sugar plantation owners. American interest was great in Hawaii because it is right in the middle of the ocean and an excellent trading advantage point, not to mention the land was rich because of all the volcanic activities. I do agree with President Grover; we should have never of taken Hawaii, and did it purely for selfish U.S. benefit. Hawaii was in no danger and had a thriving lifestyle under Queen Liliuo' Kalani.
2. Identify five important changes that transformed American in the nineteenth century. How did these five changes affect Americans?
a) The take over of Hawaii - it helped America because it allowed many more cash crops and a good middle point stopping area for traders and American business owners.
b) Immigration - when immigrants flooded into the U.S., this made urban growth expand rapidly. Also, not many farms were needed, only big industries.
c) Trade - the new immigrants helped make products to trade to other countries, which gave America a great amount of more money.
d) religion - instead of everyone being a Christianity, there were now many different types of religion.
e) big factories - The big factories promoted many jobs to the oncoming immigrants, no matter if the conditions were poor.
3. How did the economic depression that began in 1893 deepen the divisions in American society? Which groups suffered the most during the depression?
This depression made many anti-immigrant feelings. This made a huge division between American and immigrants.
4. What were the values many Americans attached to the frontier? Why did many Americans fear that the closing of the frontier would harm America’s national character?
For some, if not most, Americans, the frontier was the symbol of resourcefulness, bravery, pragmatism, ingenuity, individualism, egalitarianism and patriotism. It was the start of economic growth, and if the frontier was taken away, many Americans would feel that America just wouldn't be the same anymore.
5. Why did some Americans suggest greater involvement overseas?
The businessmen wanted more involvement overseas because it would fuel economic growth (trading)
6. What policy did expansionists say would ensure the economic success of the United States? What did imperialists say?
The Imperialists said that expanding the U.S. would help businessmen, and that made them on their side.
7. How did the theories of social Darwinism and scientific racism lend support to the cause of American imperialism? How were these pseudo-scientific theories used to justify racist policies and imperialism? Are they still used today?
THey were used so people would think its right, or that it's their godgiven right, when really imperialism is just cruel.
8. What did many Protestant churches say was America’s role in the world?
The Protestant churches agreed with social Darwinism.
9. Why did the United States become involved in several Latin American nations in the nineteenth century? Summarize why the United States became involved in Samoa, Hawaii, and other Latin American nations.
It was good refueling and trading spots, as they were in the middle of the pacific ocean.
10. Why was the United States concerned about British involvement in Venezuela? What concept did U.S. Secretary of State Richard Olney invoke in response?
Because Guiana had large deposits of gold. Olney invoked the Monroe Doctrine.
Wednesday, October 28, 2009
Monday, October 26, 2009
Spanish-American War (1898)
Causes: How did each of the following help to cause the outbreak of the Spanish-American War?
1. American business owners
American Business Owners were interested in buying Cuba from the Spanish. The Spanish said that they would rather see Cuba sunk in the ocean than in American hands. The business owner liked Cuba for its large sugar cane production.
2. José Martí
Jose Marti was a Cuban Poet who was exiled to new york for being a traitor. He launched a revolution for Cuban independence in 1895. He used Guerrilla tactics to destroy sugar mills in the U.S. in hopes that it would provoke the U.S. to help the Cubans win independence.
3. Valeriano Weyler
In 1896, Spain responded to the Cuban's revolt by sending General Valeriano Weyler, to make peace and restore order. He put all the revolter's in concentration camps to try and stop the revolution, and thousands died in the camps.
4. Yellow journalism
To make civilians angered by Weyler's brutality, stories began spreading about children being thrown down poisoned wells, etc. This became known as yellow journalism.
5. De Lôme letter
This angered Americans because it insulted their president, making Spain seem more evil and Cuba "good."
6. U.S.S. Maine
This ship was sent to get American citizens to safety. But it blew up mysteriously, causing hundreds of people's deaths.
Effects: What happened to each of the following territories as a result of the Spanish-American War?
7. Cuba
Fighting for independence, Cuba looked harmless and got American sympathies, and caused general hate towards Spain.
8. Puerto Rico
Imperialism was the real issue here, and the U.S. wondered if they had the right to annex them. The U.S. now owned Puerto Rico.
9. Guam
The U.S. now owned Guam.
10. Philippine Islands
The first battle happened here instead of Cuba, as Spain suspected. Americans took over Spain's main city and destroyed every one of their ships.
1. American business owners
American Business Owners were interested in buying Cuba from the Spanish. The Spanish said that they would rather see Cuba sunk in the ocean than in American hands. The business owner liked Cuba for its large sugar cane production.
2. José Martí
Jose Marti was a Cuban Poet who was exiled to new york for being a traitor. He launched a revolution for Cuban independence in 1895. He used Guerrilla tactics to destroy sugar mills in the U.S. in hopes that it would provoke the U.S. to help the Cubans win independence.
3. Valeriano Weyler
In 1896, Spain responded to the Cuban's revolt by sending General Valeriano Weyler, to make peace and restore order. He put all the revolter's in concentration camps to try and stop the revolution, and thousands died in the camps.
4. Yellow journalism
To make civilians angered by Weyler's brutality, stories began spreading about children being thrown down poisoned wells, etc. This became known as yellow journalism.
5. De Lôme letter
This angered Americans because it insulted their president, making Spain seem more evil and Cuba "good."
6. U.S.S. Maine
This ship was sent to get American citizens to safety. But it blew up mysteriously, causing hundreds of people's deaths.
Effects: What happened to each of the following territories as a result of the Spanish-American War?
7. Cuba
Fighting for independence, Cuba looked harmless and got American sympathies, and caused general hate towards Spain.
8. Puerto Rico
Imperialism was the real issue here, and the U.S. wondered if they had the right to annex them. The U.S. now owned Puerto Rico.
9. Guam
The U.S. now owned Guam.
10. Philippine Islands
The first battle happened here instead of Cuba, as Spain suspected. Americans took over Spain's main city and destroyed every one of their ships.
Thursday, October 15, 2009
Progressive Era Presidents Taft and Wilson
1. How did William Howard Taft get selected to run for president?
He got selected because he was like Roosevelt but wanted to attack larger corporations and give more power to the average citizen, earning him votes.
2. How did Teddy Roosevelt come to oppose Taft for the presidency in 1912?
Roosevelt opposed Taft because he had a whole new party called the Progressive party and was welcomed as a hero.
3. What events helped Woodrow Wilson win the election in 1912?
The weakness in the republicans because they split.
4. What legislation did Wilson use to attack trusts and monopolies?
The Clayton Antitrust act is what Wilson used against him.
5. What was the Nineteenth Amendment?
Women get equal rights. (woman sufferage ends)
6. How did America's entry into World War I affect the reform movement?
Because promises that wilson made couldn't be kept.
He got selected because he was like Roosevelt but wanted to attack larger corporations and give more power to the average citizen, earning him votes.
2. How did Teddy Roosevelt come to oppose Taft for the presidency in 1912?
Roosevelt opposed Taft because he had a whole new party called the Progressive party and was welcomed as a hero.
3. What events helped Woodrow Wilson win the election in 1912?
The weakness in the republicans because they split.
4. What legislation did Wilson use to attack trusts and monopolies?
The Clayton Antitrust act is what Wilson used against him.
5. What was the Nineteenth Amendment?
Women get equal rights. (woman sufferage ends)
6. How did America's entry into World War I affect the reform movement?
Because promises that wilson made couldn't be kept.
TR's Square Deal
1. How did Roosevelt create the modern presidency?
Roosevelt create the modern presidency because he was individualized. He wasn't from a rich family and could see the problems and the need for reform.
2. How did Roosevelt's intervention in a coal strike set a precedent for federal arbitration?
This set a precedent because now people could see him as a comprimiser of big decisions and a peacemaker.
3. What did Roosevelt do to the trusts and railroads?
Roosevelt passed the Interstate Commerence Act to help control it.
4. What legislation passed during Roosevelt's presidency protected citizens?
The Meat Inspection Act helped protect citizens because people wounldn't risk getting gravel ill or death whenever they wanted to eat some meat.
5. What did Roosevelt do to protect the environment?
To protect the enviornment he made many conservation lands.
Roosevelt create the modern presidency because he was individualized. He wasn't from a rich family and could see the problems and the need for reform.
2. How did Roosevelt's intervention in a coal strike set a precedent for federal arbitration?
This set a precedent because now people could see him as a comprimiser of big decisions and a peacemaker.
3. What did Roosevelt do to the trusts and railroads?
Roosevelt passed the Interstate Commerence Act to help control it.
4. What legislation passed during Roosevelt's presidency protected citizens?
The Meat Inspection Act helped protect citizens because people wounldn't risk getting gravel ill or death whenever they wanted to eat some meat.
5. What did Roosevelt do to protect the environment?
To protect the enviornment he made many conservation lands.
Urbanzation.
1. What is Urbanization?
Urbanization is the the rapid growth of cities.
2. For what reasons did a number of Americans move from the country to the cities?
This happened usually because immigrants wanted to some find work or freedom, but it became so crowded that it was very unhealthy and led to disease.
3. What were the housing problems that many poor city dwellers faced?
Because their was to much urbanization people didn't have proper trash cleaning. Also, people were cramped and often with no windows in their small houses, meaning that there wasn't any proper fire escape.
Urbanization is the the rapid growth of cities.
2. For what reasons did a number of Americans move from the country to the cities?
This happened usually because immigrants wanted to some find work or freedom, but it became so crowded that it was very unhealthy and led to disease.
3. What were the housing problems that many poor city dwellers faced?
Because their was to much urbanization people didn't have proper trash cleaning. Also, people were cramped and often with no windows in their small houses, meaning that there wasn't any proper fire escape.
Progressive Era Presidents Taft and Wilson
1. How did William Howard Taft get selected to run for president?
Efforts to Reform Child Labor
As you view each photograph take note about what you see. (note people, background, objects) Pretend you were describing the image to someone who could not see it. Try to avoid making judgments.
Where are these children? List any clues relating to their surroundings.
Describe any tools or objects you see.
Describe their clothing. What do their clothes reveal about their work?
Subjective Assessment
What questions do you have about each of these photographs?
Based on your observations, list three things you might infer about the lives of these children. (Be sure to consider Hine's notes about the photographs when considering this.
Photograph A
In this photo it show a young girl working in a cotton mill already for one year. Even though she is young, she has to work four rows of machines for very little pay - about 48 cents an hour. This girl's clothes seem not appropriate for working in a cotton mill, it seems loose fitting and could easily get get caught in the machines, not to mention it looks filthy. Three things that I can infer about this child's life, are that one, they were very dirty, two, they got little pay, and three, they weren't paid very much.
Photograph B
These girls are unhappy, and don't look like they want to work, they look disgruntled and unhappy that they are getting their pictures taken. They also look like they have bad back problems and most of them are a little... deformed.
Photograph C
This shows a very young girl who is obviously working there even though their overseer's say that she "just happened in" or "is helping sister." People who were in charge of these businesses obviously don't care how young the child is, as long as they can work.
Photograph D
In this photo there is a small boy selling newpapers on the streets. He looks very unhappy and you can only imajine how long he has been selling papers. He almost looks like he's worried he will be in big trouble because nobosy seems to be buying his papers.
Photograph E
In this photo there is many boy's working in filthy conditions with dust in the air everywhere. This would damage the boy's lungs greatly. Also this show cruel working conditions because it shows a bigger boys standing over the smaller boys ready to beat them into shape i they don't work hard enough or disobey.
Photograph F
This is a picture of many boys working hard in an Indiana Glass Works company. Even though it says it is nine in the evening these boys show no sign of stopping. Also, it looks like dangerous conditions because there is many pipes that look loose and are probably very hot.
Photograph G
This is a horrible picture of people of all ages working in an oyster shucking and canning industry. Even a toddler who is probably barely three is working. It states that there is an expected work hour of 3:30 a.m. to 5 p.m. at least with most likely no breaks. the mother of the little toddlers doesn't even seem to mind that her child is working at such a young age and says, "she is a real help to me."
Photograph H
In this photo its show children working the night shift in a mill in horrible, chilling conditions. Some of the children have to work so hard because there is no laws against parents not having to support their children. These conditions were so horrible that children probably died in these conditions. they had to work 12 hour shifts..
Where are these children? List any clues relating to their surroundings.
Describe any tools or objects you see.
Describe their clothing. What do their clothes reveal about their work?
Subjective Assessment
What questions do you have about each of these photographs?
Based on your observations, list three things you might infer about the lives of these children. (Be sure to consider Hine's notes about the photographs when considering this.
Photograph A
In this photo it show a young girl working in a cotton mill already for one year. Even though she is young, she has to work four rows of machines for very little pay - about 48 cents an hour. This girl's clothes seem not appropriate for working in a cotton mill, it seems loose fitting and could easily get get caught in the machines, not to mention it looks filthy. Three things that I can infer about this child's life, are that one, they were very dirty, two, they got little pay, and three, they weren't paid very much.
Photograph B
These girls are unhappy, and don't look like they want to work, they look disgruntled and unhappy that they are getting their pictures taken. They also look like they have bad back problems and most of them are a little... deformed.
Photograph C
This shows a very young girl who is obviously working there even though their overseer's say that she "just happened in" or "is helping sister." People who were in charge of these businesses obviously don't care how young the child is, as long as they can work.
Photograph D
In this photo there is a small boy selling newpapers on the streets. He looks very unhappy and you can only imajine how long he has been selling papers. He almost looks like he's worried he will be in big trouble because nobosy seems to be buying his papers.
Photograph E
In this photo there is many boy's working in filthy conditions with dust in the air everywhere. This would damage the boy's lungs greatly. Also this show cruel working conditions because it shows a bigger boys standing over the smaller boys ready to beat them into shape i they don't work hard enough or disobey.
Photograph F
This is a picture of many boys working hard in an Indiana Glass Works company. Even though it says it is nine in the evening these boys show no sign of stopping. Also, it looks like dangerous conditions because there is many pipes that look loose and are probably very hot.
Photograph G
This is a horrible picture of people of all ages working in an oyster shucking and canning industry. Even a toddler who is probably barely three is working. It states that there is an expected work hour of 3:30 a.m. to 5 p.m. at least with most likely no breaks. the mother of the little toddlers doesn't even seem to mind that her child is working at such a young age and says, "she is a real help to me."
Photograph H
In this photo its show children working the night shift in a mill in horrible, chilling conditions. Some of the children have to work so hard because there is no laws against parents not having to support their children. These conditions were so horrible that children probably died in these conditions. they had to work 12 hour shifts..
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